Geological and Environmental Sustainability

Physical Geology

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Physical geology is the branch of geology concerned with understanding the composition of the earth and the physical changes occurring in it. It is concerned with the internal geologic processes of the earth's crust, such as tectonic activity and volcanism that constructs new landforms, as well as externally driven forces of wind, water, waves, and glacial ice that modify such landforms.

It concerns itself primarily with the origins of the present landscape but in most landscapes there are present forms that date back to previous geologic epochs or periods. It deals with the study of the physical features of the earth and the processes acting on them. It includes on the study of rocks, minerals, and sediments, their structures and formations, and their processes of origin and alteration.